测试开发进阶(四十二)

awk

文本处理工具，处理数据并生成结果报告

awk ‘BEGIN{}pattern{commands}END{}’ file
some command | awk ‘BEGIN{}pattern{commands}END{}’

BEGIN处理数据之前执行

pattern匹配模式

commands处理的命令

END处理数据之后执行

内置变量

$0整行内容
$1~$n当前行的第1～n个字段
NF当前行字段数
NR当前行号，从1开始
FS输入字段分割符，默认为空格或tab键
RS输入行分割符，默认为回车符
OFS输入字段分割符，默认为空格
ORS输入行分割符，默认为回车符

输出以:分割的最后一列内容

1	$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"} {print $NF}' passwd

输出以:分割的games开头的行到new开头的行的最后一列内容

1	$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"}/^games/,/^new/{print $NF}' passwd

printf格式符

%s字符串
%d十进制数字
%f浮点数
+右对齐
-左对齐

以%s\n的格式输出

1
2
3

$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"}/^games/,/^new/{printf "%s\n" , $1}' passwd
$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"}/^games/,/^new/{printf "%20s\n" , $1}' passwd
$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"}/^games/,/^new/{printf "%20s  %s\n" , $1,$NF}' passwd

awk1

1	$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"}/^games/,/^new/{printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n" , $1,$NF}' passwd

awk2

格式化输出以s开头的行好和第一列内容

1	$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=":"}/^s/{printf "%d\t%-10s\n" , NR,$1}' passwd

awk3

格式化输出第三例大于100的内容

1	$ awk -F ":" '$3 > 100 {printf "%-10s\t%-10s\n",$1,$(NF-1)}' passwd

awk4

添加头部和尾部

1	$ awk -F ":" 'BEGIN{printf "%-10s\t%-10s\n","username","path"}$3 > 100 {COUNT++;printf "%-10s\t%-10s\n",$1,$(NF-1)}END{printf "%-10s\t%-10s\n","totally",COUNT}' passwd

awk5

使用文件

# awk1.awk
BEGIN{
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n","UserName","Path"
}
{
    if ($3 > 100){
        COUNT++
        printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n",$1,$(NF-1)
    }
}
END{
    printf "%-20s\t%-20s\n","Totally",COUNT
}

1	$ awk -F ':' -f awk1.awk passwd

awk6

日志分析

日志文件

获取每个测试人员执行的用例数

BEGIN{
    printf "%-10s%-10s\n","Tester","TotalTestcases"
}
{
    USERS[$4] += 1
}
END{
    for (u in USERS){
        printf "%-10s%-10s\n",u,USERS[u]
    }
}

1	$ awk -f 1201.awk testcases.log

文件处理1

统计每位测试人员执行用例成功和失败的总数

BEGIN{
    printf "%-10s%-12s%-12s\n","Tester","PassTotal","FailTotal"
}
{   
    if ($5 == "Pass"){
        SUCCESS[$4] += 1
    }
    else if($5 == "Fail"){
        FAIL[$4] += 2
    }
    USERS[$4] += 1
}
END{
    for (u in USERS){
        printf "%-10s%-12s%-12s\n",u,SUCCESS[u],FAIL[u]
    }
}

1	$ awk -f 1201_2.awk testcases.log

文件处理2

同时分别统计每位测试人员执行用例CRITICAL、ERROR日志等级数以及所有测试人员每项总数

BEGIN{
    printf "%-10s%-12s%-12s%-12s%-12s\n","Tester","PassTotal","FailTotal","CRITICALATotal","ERRORTotal"
}
{   
    if ($5 == "Pass"){
        SUCCESS[$4] += 1
        s += 1
    }
    else if($5 == "Fail"){
        FAIL[$4] += 1
        f += 1
    }
    if($3 == "CRITICAL"){
        CRITICAL[$4] += 1
        c += 1
    }
    else if($3 == "ERROR"){
        ERROR[$4] += 1
        e += 1
    }
    USERS[$4] += 1
}
END{
    for (u in USERS){
        printf "%-10s%-12s%-12s%-12s%-12s\n",u,SUCCESS[u],FAIL[u],CRITICAL[u],ERROR[u]
    }
    printf "%-10s%-12s%-12s%-12s%-12s\n","Total",s,f,c,e
}

文件处理3

使用shell脚本来实现，并显示菜单，选择不同的选项则打印不同的内容

#!/bin/bash
#Author:zhongxin
echo "one:统计每位测试人员执行用例的总数"
echo "two:分别统计每位测试人员执行用例成功和失败的总数"
echo "three:同时分别统计每位测试人员执行用例CRITICAL、ERROR日志等级数以及所有测试人员每项总数"
read -p "请输入选择的模式:" modes
echo ${modes}
case ${modes} in
    one)
    awk -f ./1201.awk testcases.log
    ;;
    two)
    awk -f ./1201_2.awk testcases.log
    ;;
    three)
    awk -f ./1201_3.awk testcases.log
    ;;
    *)
    echo "请输入正确的模式"
    ;;
esac